To understand why India is resisting this trade deal, we must dig deeper than surface-level economics. The mainstream narrative often frames India’s stance as protectionist stubbornness or a failure to embrace global markets. But this oversimplification misses the profound realities driving India’s decisions.

The concept of decentralized currency challenges traditional central banking systems

The U.S. Senate’s Sanctioning Russia Act of 2025 bill threatens 500% tariffs on countries like India, which relies on Russia for 35–40% of its crude oil to curb inflation. Simultaneously, a groundbreaking partnership between Adani Total Gas Ltd. (ATGL) and Jio-bp, announced on June 25, 2025, signals a bold domestic push toward energy diversification. Beneath the surface lies a web of strategic maneuvers..